| Market planning and development |
Business planning and options analysis |
| Market research |
| Due diligence and plan audit |
| Tendering |
| System planning and development |
Hardware |
| Software license fees |
| Development support |
Program management |
| System engineering architecture design |
| Change management and risk assessment |
| Requirement definition and data architecture |
| Test and evaluation |
| Design studies |
Customer interface and usability |
| Transformation or business process redesign |
| System security |
| User accessibility |
| Data architecture |
| Network architecture |
| Other development phase costs |
Facilities: offices, office equipment, etc. |
| Travel |
| System acquisition and implementation |
Procurement |
Hardware |
| Software |
| Customized software |
| Web hosting |
| Personnel |
Additional program management |
| Internal communications |
| Process redesign |
| System integration |
| System engineering |
| Test and evaluation |
| Data cleaning and conversion |
| IT training |
| System operations and maintenance |
Hardware |
Maintenance |
| Upgrades and replacement |
| Software |
Maintenance |
| Upgrades |
| License fees |
| Telecoms network charges |
| Operations and management support |
Program management |
| Operations |
| Back-up and security |
| IT helpdesk |
| On-going training |
| On-going monitoring and evaluation |
| Other operations and maintenance |
| Financing costs |
| Market and process implementation |
Personnel |
Internal communications |
| Training |
| Redeployment |
| Customer helpdesk |
| Call centers |
| Marketing and communications |
| Customer inducements and rebates |
| Legal advice |
| Source: OECD e-Government Project: Draft Proposal for Data Collection on Business Case Indicators, ANNEX 1, p. 5 |