In recent years, may countries have updated their criminal codes to clearly cover various forms of cyber-crime. Strictly speaking, cyber-crime involves intentional acts of interference with the confidentiality, availability or integrity of data or computer networks; interference with or disruption of computer services; destroying or altering data; interception of data in transit (unauthorized access to communications); and unauthorized access to data (cyber trespass). The Council of Europe has adopted a useful
Convention on Cyber-crime.
However, it is best to recognize that the criminal law will have limited effect. The solution to the cyber crime problem requires international cooperation, better technology design, and the education of users.
Back to Beginning of Chapter